CEDH · CASELAW;JUDGMENTS;COMMITTEE;ENG — 15 mai 2025

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RUSSIA (Applications nos. 38339/21 and 1287/22)             JUDGMENT   STRASBOURG 15 May 2025     This judgment is final but it may be subject to editorial revision.   In the case of Mirzayev and Others v. Russia, The European Court of Human Rights (Third Section), sitting as a Committee composed of:   Diana Kovatcheva , President ,   Úna Ní Raifeartaigh,   Mateja Đurović , judges , and Viktoriya Maradudina, Acting Deputy Section Registrar, Having deliberated in private on 24 April 2025, Delivers the following judgment, which was adopted on that date: PROCEDURE 1.     The case originated in applications against Russia lodged with the Court under Article   34 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (“the Convention”) on the various dates indicated in the appended table. 2.     The Russian Government (“the   Government”) were given notice of the applications. THE FACTS 3.     The list of applicants and the relevant details of the applications are set out in the appended table. 4.     The applicants complained of the inadequate conditions of their detention,   in particular in view of their placement in solitary confinement. THE LAW JOINDER OF THE APPLICATIONS 5.     Having regard to the similar subject matter of the applications, the Court finds it appropriate to examine them jointly in a single judgment. Jurisdiction 6.     The Court observes that the facts giving rise to the alleged violations of the Convention occurred prior to 16 September 2022, the date on which the Russian Federation ceased to be a party to the Convention. The Court therefore decides that it has jurisdiction to examine the present applications (see Fedotova and Others v. Russia [GC], nos. 40792/10 and 2 others, §§   68 ‑ 73, 17 January 2023). ALLEGED VIOLATION OF ARTICLE   3 OF THE CONVENTION 7.     The applicants complained of the inadequate conditions of their detention, and, in particular, about their solitary confinement. They relied on Article 3 of the Convention. 8.     The Court notes that the applicants were kept in solitary confinement, including in poor material conditions. The details of the applicants’ detention are indicated in the appended table. The Court refers to the principles established in its case ‑ law regarding inadequate material conditions of detention and solitary confinement (see, for instance, Kud ła   v.   Poland [GC], no.   30210/96, §§   90 ‑ 94, ECHR 2000 ‑ XI; Ananyev and Others v.   Russia , nos.   42525/07 and   60800/08, §§   139 ‑ 65, 10   January 2012 ; and Razvyazkin v.   Russia , no. 13579/09, §§ 90-112, 3 July 2012). It reiterates, in particular, that solitary confinement without appropriate mental and physical stimulation is likely, in the long term, to have damaging effects, resulting in deterioration of mental faculties and social abilities, substantive reasons must be given when a protracted period of solitary confinement is extended (see Razvyazkin , cited above, §§ 101 and 104, and A.B. v. Russia , no. 1439/06, §§ 104 and 108, 14 October 2010). 9.     In the leading cases of Ananyev and Others , and Razvyazkin , both cited above, the Court already found a violation in respect of issues similar to those in the present case. 10.     In the present case, the applicants were held in uninterrupted solitary confinement for extended periods, some of them even for over two years in isolation. The Court takes note that in addition to social isolation the applicants’ placement in solitary confinement was associated with a number of further restrictions involving, in particular, limited access to outdoor exercise and limitations on family visits and receiving any parcels from outside (see   Razvyazkin , cited above, §   102), as well as was accompanied by poor material conditions of detention (see   Ananyev and Others , cited above). The Court also cannot overlook the fact that the applicant in application no.   38339/21 was a seriously ill person, whose medical condition has been further exacerbated by the fact of his solitary confinement. Having regard to its case-law on the subject, the Court considers that in the instant case the applicants were subjected to inhuman and degrading treatment contrary to Article 3 of the Convention on account of their detention. 11.     These complaints are therefore admissible and disclose a breach of Article 3 of the Convention. APPLICATION OF ARTICLE   41 OF THE CONVENTION 12.     Regard being had to the documents in its possession and to its case ‑ law (see, in particular, Ananyev and Others , and Razvyazkin, both cited above), the Court considers it reasonable to award the sums indicated in the appended table. FOR THESE REASONS, THE COURT, UNANIMOUSLY, Decides to join the applications; Holds that it has jurisdiction to deal with these applications as they relate to the facts that took place before 16   September 2022; Declares the applications admissible; Holds that these applications disclose a breach of Article   3 of the Convention; Holds (a)   that the respondent State is to pay the applicants, within three months, the amounts indicated in the appended table, to be converted into the currency of the respondent State at the rate applicable at the date of settlement; (b)   that from the expiry of the above-mentioned three months until settlement simple interest shall be payable on the above amounts at a rate equal to the marginal lending rate of the European Central Bank during the default period plus three percentage points. Done in English, and notified in writing on 15 May 2025, pursuant to Rule   77   §§   2 and   3 of the Rules of Court.     Viktoriya Maradudina   Diana Kovatcheva   Acting Deputy Registrar   President   APPENDIX List of applications raising complaints under Article 3 of the Convention (inadequate conditions of detention) No. Application no. Date of introduction Applicant’s name Year of birth   Representative’s name and location Facility Start and end date Duration Specific grievances Amount awarded for pecuniary and non-pecuniary damage and costs and expenses per applicant (in euros) [1]     38339/21 13/07/2021 Murad Ziyavdinovich MIRZAYEV 1979   Kopteyeva Anastasiya Vladimirovna Chita SIZO-1 Zabaykalskiy Region 29/12/2018 to 18/01/2019 21 day(s) solitary confinement, the applicant is suffering from arthritis, prostatitis and astheno-neurotic syndrome, no communication at all with the outside world, restriction on using the bed outside the sleeping hours, no correspondence, visits, television, prohibition to buy food, walks only one hour every day; final decision: Supreme Court of Russia, 13/01/2021, RUB 3,000, the courts established that the measure had been applied to the applicant without due consideration of its impact on his health (see Gorodnichev v. Russia , no.   52058/99, § 95, 24/05/2007) 5,000     1287/22 15/12/2021 Anton Alekseyevich KOROSTELEV 1987             Aleksey Aleksandrovich PULYALIN 1986       IZ-11/2 Sosnogorsk, Komi Republic (Mr   Pulyalin) 19/07/2020 to 16/09/2022 2 year(s) and 1 month(s) and 29 day(s)   IZ-11/2 Sosnogorsk, Komi Republic (Mr   Korostelev) 25/07/2020 to 16/09/2022 2 year(s) and 1 month(s) and 23 day(s) solitary confinement, final decision: Supreme Court of Russia, 29/11/2021               solitary confinement, final decision: Supreme Court of Russia, 29/11/2021 10,000, to each of the applicants     [1] Plus any tax that may be chargeable to the applicants.