CEDH · CASELAW;JUDGMENTS;COMMITTEE;ENG — 23 novembre 2023

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RUSSIA (Applications nos. 16154/19 and 8 others – see appended list)           JUDGMENT   STRASBOURG 23 November 2023       This judgment is final but it may be subject to editorial revision.   In the case of OOO Orion and Others v. Russia, The European Court of Human Rights (Fourth Section), sitting as a Committee composed of:   Branko Lubarda , President ,   Armen Harutyunyan,   Ana Maria Guerra Martins , judges , and Viktoriya Maradudina, Acting Deputy Section Registrar, Having deliberated in private on 2 November 2023, Delivers the following judgment, which was adopted on that date: PROCEDURE 1.     The case originated in applications against Russia lodged with the Court under Article   34 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (“the Convention”) on the various dates indicated in the appended table 2.     The Russian Government (“the Government”) were given notice of the applications. THE FACTS 3.     The list of applicants and the relevant details of the applications are set out in the appended table. 4.     The applicants complained of the lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of the prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings. Some applicants also raised other complaints under the provisions of the Convention. THE LAW JOINDER OF THE APPLICATIONS 5.     Having regard to the similar subject matter of the applications, the Court finds it appropriate to examine them jointly in a single judgment. Jurisdiction 6.     The Court observes that the facts giving rise to the alleged violations of the Convention occurred prior to 16 September 2022, the date on which the Russian Federation ceased to be a party to the Convention. The Court therefore decides that it has jurisdiction to examine the present applications (see Fedotova and Others v. Russia [GC], nos. 40792/10 and 2 others, §§   68 ‑ 73, 17 January 2023). ALLEGED VIOLATION OF ARTICLE 6 § 1 of the Convention 7.     The applicants complained principally of the lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of the prosecuting party in the administrative ‑ offence proceedings. They relied, expressly or in substance, on Article 6 § 1 of the Convention. 8.     In the leading case of Karelin v. Russia, no. 926/08, 20 September 2016, the Court already found a violation in respect of issues similar to those in the present case. Having examined all the material submitted to it, the Court has not found any fact or argument capable of persuading it to reach a different conclusion on the admissibility and merits of these complaints. 9.     These complaints are therefore admissible and disclose a breach of Article   6 § 1 of the Convention. OTHER ALLEGED VIOLATIONS UNDER WELL-ESTABLISHED CASE-LAW 10.     Some applicants submitted other complaints which also raised issues under the Convention, given the relevant well-established case-law of the Court (see appended table). These complaints are not manifestly ill-founded within the meaning of Article   35   §   3   (a) of the Convention, nor are they inadmissible on any other ground. Accordingly, they must be declared admissible. Having examined all the material before it, the Court concludes that they also disclose violations of the Convention in the light of its findings in Butkevich v. Russia , no. 5865/07, §§ 63-65, 13 February 2018, Tsvetkova and Others v. Russia , nos. 54381/08 and 5 others, §§ 115-31, 10 April 2018, and Korneyeva v. Russia , no. 72051/17, §§ 34-36, 8 October 2019. REMAINING COMPLAINTS 11.     In view of the above findings, the Court considers that there is no need to examine separately the remaining complaints of the applicants under Article 6 of the Convention. APPLICATION OF ARTICLE   41 OF THE CONVENTION 12.     Article 41 of the Convention provides: “If the Court finds that there has been a violation of the Convention or the Protocols thereto, and if the internal law of the High Contracting Party concerned allows only partial reparation to be made, the Court shall, if necessary, afford just satisfaction to the injured party.” 13.     Regard being had to the documents in its possession and to its case ‑ law (see, in particular, Kuratov and Others v. Russia [Committee], nos.   24377/15 and 2 others, 22 October 2019), the Court considers it reasonable to award the sums indicated in the appended table. FOR THESE REASONS, THE COURT, UNANIMOUSLY, Decides to join the applications; Holds that it has jurisdiction to deal with these applications as they relate to facts that took place before 16   September 2022; Declares the complaints under Article 6 § 1 of the Convention concerning the absence of the prosecuting party from the administrative-offence proceedings and the other complaints under the well-established case-law of the Court, as set out in the appended table, admissible, and finds that there is no need to examine separately the remaining complaints of the applicants under Article 6 of the Convention; Holds that these applications disclose a breach of Article 6 § 1 of the Convention concerning the lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of the prosecuting party in the administrative-offence proceedings; Holds that there has been a violation of the Convention as regards the other complaints raised under the well-established case-law of the Court (see appended table); Holds (a)   that the respondent State is to pay the applicants, within three months, the amounts indicated in the appended table, to be converted into the currency of the respondent State at the rate applicable at the date of settlement; (b)   that from the expiry of the above-mentioned three months until settlement simple interest shall be payable on the above amounts at a rate equal to the marginal lending rate of the European Central Bank during the default period plus three percentage points. Done in English, and notified in writing on 23 November 2023, pursuant to Rule   77   §§   2 and   3 of the Rules of Court.     Viktoriya Maradudina   Branko Lubarda Acting Deputy Registrar           President     APPENDIX List of applications raising complaints under Article 6 § 1 of the Convention (lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of the prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings) No. Application no. Date of introduction Applicant’s name Year of birth, where relevant Representative’s name and location Penalty Date of final domestic decision Name of court Other complaints under well ‑ established case-law Amount awarded for pecuniary and non ‑ pecuniary damage and costs and expenses per applicant (in euros) [1]     16154/19 12/03/2019 OOO ORION       administrative fine of RUB 300,000 12/09/2018, Azov Town Court of the Rostov Region   1,000     27375/19 07/05/2019 Aleksey Aleksandrovich KHIMCHENKOV 1984     administrative fine of RUB 5,000 06/12/2018, Vologda Town Court   1,000     43682/19 31/07/2019 Aleksey Viktorovich KATERBUZOV 1976     administrative fines of RUB 75,000; RUB   75,000 and RUB   100,000 31/01/2019, Nizhniy Novgorod Regional Court, 14/02/2019, Nizhniy Novgorod Regional Court, 06/06/2019, Nizhniy Novgorod Regional Court   1,300     46459/19 27/08/2019 Artem Aleksandrovich LUKIN 1996     administrative detention of 5 days 01/08/2019, Moscow City Court   1,000     49801/19 14/09/2019 Pavel Pavlovich MALYSHEV 1985 Aleksey Borisovich Vologin Volsk administrative fine of RUB 30 000, suspension of the driving licence for 1   year and 9   months 10/09/2019, Volskiy District Court of the Saratov Region   1,000     51465/19 22/09/2019 Denis Mikhaylovich SEMENOV 1983 Aleksey Alekseyevich Yemelin Volsk administrative fine of RUB 30,000, suspension of the driving licence for 1   year and 6 months 23/05/2019, Volskiy District Court of the Saratov Region   1,000     52125/19 21/09/2019 Dmitriy Yuryevich BEZBEKOV 1985 Aleksey Borisovich Vologin Volsk administrative fine of RUB 30,000, suspension of the driving licence for 1   year and 8   months 12/09/2019, Krasnoarmeysk Town Court of the Saratov Region   1,000     10657/20 18/02/2020 Olga Viktorovna GAVRIKOVA 1955 Anna Borisovna Karakozova Moscow administrative fine of RUB 20, 000 22/08/2019, Moscow City Court Art. 5 (1) - unlawful deprivation of liberty, including unrecorded detention and detention without a judicial order and any other legal basis - arrest and detention on 27/07/2019 for the sole purpose of drawing up a record of administrative offence 3,900     12071/20 25/02/2020 Yana Sergeyevna OPARINA 1995 Yevgeniy Valeryevich Kulakov Arkhangelsk administrative fine of RUB 30,000, suspension of the driving licence for 1   year and 7   months 19/11/2019, Solombalskiy District Court of Arkhangelsk   1,000     [1] Plus any tax that may be chargeable to the applicants.