of their liberty without a judicial warrant had contravened the domestic legislation and had thus been incompatible with the requirements of Article 5 § 1 of the Convention (see, mutatis mutandis , Strogan

Furthermore, specific grounds justifying the application of one of the exceptions that it listed exhaustively had to be established unequivocally at the time of the taking of such a measure (see Strogan

communication risquant de mettre en péril les intérêts des clients ainsi que d'une absence de relations avec les autres associés ; qu'en témoigne l'attestation rédigée par Mme Albane G... concernant le dossier Stromag

Stormann, ministère fédéral de la Justice,   conseillers   ; –     pour les requérants MM.   K. Mayer ,   conseil,   H.

Indeed, the Court has found pre-investigation inquiries to be incompatible with the standards of an effective remedy (see Strogan v.   Ukraine , no.

the inquiring officer could only take a limited number of steps and the victim had no formal status, meaning his or her effective participation in the procedure was excluded (see, mutatis mutandis , Strogan

  39884/05, § 80, 19 January 2012, Strogan v. Ukraine , no.   30198/11, §§   107-10, 6 October 2016, and Rytikov v.

effective remedy, because an inquiring officer can only take a limited number of steps and a victim has no formal status, meaning that his or her effective participation in the procedure is excluded (see Strogan

with reference to a number of other relevant factors which may either confirm the existence of a danger of absconding or make it appear so slight that it cannot justify detention pending trial (see Strogan

of their liberty without a judicial warrant had contravened the domestic legislation and had thus been incompatible with the requirements of Article 5 § 1 of the Convention (see, mutatis mutandis , Strogan

Stormann , Mr   G. Doujak ,   Advisers ; (b)     for the applicants Mr   H.F. Kinz , M   W.L. Weh ,   Counsel ,   Mr   S. Harg , Mr   C.

There appeared before the Court: (a)     for the Government Ms   B. ohms ,   Deputy Agent , Ms   B. grosse , Mr   M. stormann , Ms   I. hager-ruhs ,   Advisers ;

However, in the Court’s opinion, it should not have affected the thoroughness of the investigation which the authorities were obliged to ensure (see Strogan v.

  The first applicant is a storeman. He was member of a trade union, henceforth called SID, from September   1979 until he resigned membership in 1984.

Today he’s the chairman of Parliament’s anti-Mafia committee, the great choreographer of the to-ing and fro-ing of the pentiti [criminals-turned-informers] and the PDS’s strongman.

Stormann , Federal Ministry of Justice,   Advisers ; (b)     for the applicants Mr   K. Mayer ,   Counsel , Mr   H.

  23893/03, §   45, 15   May 2012) as regards pre-investigation inquiries and in Strogan v.

The State’s failure to discharge that burden of proof may prompt the Court to accept the applicant’s account of events (see Strogan v. Ukraine , no. 30198/11, § 73, 6   October 2016). 75.

Stormann, Federal Ministry of Justice, Ms   A. J ankovic, Federal Ministry for European and   International Affairs   Advisers ; (b)     for the applicants Mr   H.