x2011; 54, 8   December   2009) and Pastor and Ţiclete , (cited above, § 43) the Court considers that the present case must be examined solely under the procedural head of Article 2 (see also İlhan

reiterates that in cases of serious ill-treatment by State agents, an alleged breach of Article 3 cannot be remedied exclusively through the payment of compensation (see, among many other authorities, İlhan

    The Court reiterates that the remedy required by Article 13 must be “effective” in practice as well as in law (see, for example, İlhan v. Turkey [GC], no.

; In order to lodge an application in accordance with Article   34 of the Convention, an individual must be able to show that he or she was “directly affected” by the measure complained of (see İlhan

remedies in the legal system of the Contracting Party concerned but also of the general legal and political context in which they operate as well as the personal circumstances of the applicants (see İlhan

Turkey [GC], no. 21986/93, § 81, ECHR   2000 ‑ VII, and İlhan v. Turkey [GC], no.   22277/93, § 58, ECHR 2000 ‑ VII). 89.

xa0; In particular, the Court must examine whether, in all the circumstances of the case, the applicant did everything that could reasonably be expected of him or her to exhaust domestic remedies (see İlhan

However, the remedy required by Article 13 must be “effective” in practice as well as in law (see, for example, İlhan v.

Turkey , 2   September 1998, §§   48 ‑ 50, Reports of Judgments and Decisions 1998 ‑ VI, and İlhan v. Turkey [GC], no.

Manufacturer Adeka Ilac, retail price TL 25.27 (corresponding to approximately DKK 66). Active pharmaceutical ingredient: Clozapine. Is generally available at pharmacies in Turkey.

cannot leave it to the initiative of the next of kin either to lodge a formal complaint or to take responsibility for the conduct of any investigative procedures (see, for example, mutatis mutandis , İlhan

cannot leave it to the initiative of the next of kin either to lodge a formal complaint or to take responsibility for the conduct of any investigative procedures (see, for example, mutatis mutandis , Ilhan

153, ECHR   2003 ‑ XII) where this has been perceived as necessary to ensure that the rights guaranteed under the Convention are not theoretical or illusory, but practical and effective ( İlhan

Whatever mode is employed, the authorities must act of their own motion once the matter has come to their attention (see, for example, mutatis mutandis , Ilhan v.

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authorities were under the duty to investigate the alleged ill-treatment ex officio , even without an appropriate formal complaint from the victim (see, for example, Aksoy cited above, §   56; see also İlhan

of appropriate medical care and, more generally, the detention in inappropriate conditions of a person who is ill, may in principle amount to treatment contrary to Article   3 (see, for example, İlhan

The Court considers it more appropriate to address the alleged breach of the Article 3 procedural obligation in the context of Article 13 (see Ilhan v.

cannot leave it to the initiative of the next of kin either to lodge a formal complaint or to take responsibility for the conduct of any investigatory procedures (see, for example, mutatis mutandis , İlhan